1. What is pH Level?

pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It quantifies the concentration of hydrogen ions [H+] in a solution on a logarithmic scale, typically ranging from 0 to 14.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pH formula:

Where:

• \( [H^+] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration (mol/L)
• \( \log_{10} \) — Base-10 logarithm

Explanation: The formula calculates the negative base-10 logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, providing a convenient scale to express acidity levels.

3. Importance of pH Calculation

Details: pH measurement is essential in various fields including chemistry, biology, environmental science, medicine, and industrial processes. It helps determine the acidity or alkalinity of substances and plays a crucial role in chemical reactions and biological systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L. The value must be greater than 0. The calculator will compute the corresponding pH value.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the pH scale range?
A: The pH scale typically ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Values below 7 indicate acidity, while values above 7 indicate alkalinity.

Q2: What are typical pH values for common substances?
A: Pure water has pH 7, lemon juice around 2, vinegar around 3, baking soda solution around 9, and bleach around 13.

Q3: How does temperature affect pH?
A: Temperature affects the dissociation of water and thus the pH value. The pH of pure water decreases slightly with increasing temperature.

Q4: What are the limitations of pH calculation?
A: The calculation assumes ideal conditions and may not account for all ionic interactions in complex solutions. For accurate measurements, pH meters are recommended.

Q5: Can pH be negative or greater than 14?
A: Yes, extremely concentrated acids can have negative pH values, while extremely concentrated bases can have pH values greater than 14.