1. What is Percent Yield?

Percent yield is a measure of the efficiency of a chemical reaction or process, comparing the actual amount of product obtained to the theoretical maximum amount that could be produced under ideal conditions.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the percent yield formula:

Where:

• \( \text{actual} \) — Actual amount of product obtained (g)
• \( \text{theoretical} \) — Theoretical maximum amount of product (g)

Explanation: The formula calculates the percentage of the theoretical yield that was actually obtained in the experiment or process.

3. Importance of Percent Yield Calculation

Details: Percent yield is crucial for evaluating reaction efficiency, optimizing processes, calculating economic viability, and identifying sources of product loss in chemical reactions and manufacturing processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both actual and theoretical yields in grams. Both values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the percentage yield.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a good percent yield?
A: In organic chemistry, yields above 90% are excellent, 80-90% are very good, 70-80% are good, and below 70% are considered moderate to poor.

Q2: Why is percent yield never 100%?
A: Percent yield is rarely 100% due to incomplete reactions, side reactions, product loss during purification, measurement errors, and experimental limitations.

Q3: Can percent yield exceed 100%?
A: While theoretically impossible, yields over 100% can occur due to impurities, incomplete drying, measurement errors, or the presence of solvents in the product.

Q4: How does percent yield differ from atom economy?
A: Percent yield measures experimental efficiency, while atom economy measures theoretical efficiency based on molecular weights of reactants and products.

Q5: What factors affect percent yield?
A: Reaction conditions, purity of reactants, side reactions, purification methods, temperature control, and experimental technique all affect the final yield.