1. What is the Flow Equation Based On Pressure?

The flow equation calculates the volumetric flow rate of a fluid through an orifice or pipe based on pressure difference, cross-sectional area, and fluid density. This fundamental equation is derived from Bernoulli's principle and conservation of energy.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the flow equation:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Volumetric flow rate (m³/s)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area (m²)
• \( \Delta P \) — Pressure difference (Pa)
• \( \rho \) — Fluid density (kg/m³)

Explanation: The equation shows that flow rate is proportional to the area and the square root of the pressure difference divided by density.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate calculation is essential for designing fluid systems, sizing pipes and valves, optimizing pump performance, and ensuring efficient operation in various engineering applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter cross-sectional area in m², pressure difference in Pa, and fluid density in kg/m³. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What types of fluids does this equation apply to?
A: This equation applies to incompressible fluids with steady, turbulent flow through sharp-edged orifices.

Q2: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The equation provides theoretical maximum flow. Actual flow may be lower due to friction losses, viscosity effects, and discharge coefficients.

Q3: What are typical flow rate values?
A: Flow rates vary widely depending on application, from milliliters per second in medical devices to cubic meters per second in large pipelines.

Q4: When should discharge coefficients be considered?
A: For precise calculations, multiply the result by a discharge coefficient (typically 0.6-0.95) to account for real-world effects.

Q5: Can this be used for compressible fluids?
A: No, this equation is for incompressible fluids. For compressible fluids like gases, additional factors must be considered.